Abstract
N, N'-dixylene-p-phenylenediamine (CAS No. 68953-84-4), CAPOX DTPD, is a mixture of diaryl-p-phenylenediamines, which can be classified in p-phenylene antioxidant, is an excellent antiozonant to chloroprene rubber. It is the effective antioxidant used in the tire industry and also widely used for rubber products.
CAPOX DTPD can be used as an antioxidant, antiozonant, and anti-flex cracking agent for many natural and synthetic elastomer compounds. Its capacity to resist groove cracking and flex cracking is similar to antioxidant 4010 NA or 4020, superior to antioxidant A and antioxidant D.
Identification
Name: N, N'-dixylene-p-phenylenediamine (CAS No. 68953-84-4)
Synonyms : 1, 4-Benzenediamine, N, N'-mixed pH and tolyl derives
Blend of phenyl and tolyl p-phenylenediamines
Mixed di-aryl-p-phenylenediamines
Mixed diaryl-p-phenylenediamines
Diaryl-p-phenylenediamines
CAS Registry Number: 68953-84-4
EINECS: 273-227-8
Properties
Appearance: Blue-brown flakes
Melting Point: 90~100 C degree
Thermal Loss (65 C): ≤ 0.5 %
Ash (800 C): ≤ 0.3 %
Equivalents
Chemtura (formerly Crompton-Uniroyal Chemical) Novazone AS
LANXESS (formerly Bayer chemical) Vulkanox 3100
Eliokem (formerly Goodyear chemical) Wingstay 100/Polystay 100/Nailax B
PMC Group (formerly ICI's rubber chemicals) ACCINOX 100
SUMITOMO Antigene DTP
Application
Tire Durability Application
Tire durability is affected by many factors including the ingredients and methods used in manufacture as well as the type and conditions of use by the consumer. Tire components are exposed to heat from constant flexing and appropriate antioxidants must be used to protect most commonly used rubbers from thermal degradation over the lifetime of the tire. Ozone in the air can also degrade rubber, and antiozonants are employed to minimize this effect. Antiozonants are defined, as compounds, which react with ozone before it reacts with the polymer and usually, consist of PARA-phenylene diamines such as CAPOX DTPD.
Flex Cracking Application
Tires in service are subject to continuous bending and flexing, which gradually weaken the rubber compounds and may lead to failure by crack formation. The term is generally used to describe the spontaneous formation and growth of cracks caused by periodic mechanical stressing of vulcanizates and accelerated when exposed to oxygen. This oxidative mechanism differs from ozone cracking.
Obviously, good flex cracking resistance will be needed, especially for tire sidewall applications. However, most tire components will also require good fatigue resistance, especially the apex, the base, the belt skim coat and inner liner. Flex cracking resistance of the vulcanizates is strongly dependent on the type of polymer used and can be improved by addition of antioxidants. Antioxidants offering the best protection against flex cracking are amine-based, with p-phenylene diamines being extremely effective.
Groove Cracking Application
Groove cracking describes splits or tears, which form at the base of the grooves of a tire tread pattern, due either to growth of cuts made mechanically or to spontaneous formation and growth of cracks. Tears during molding, poor tread pattern design, flexing fatigue of the rubber due to poor flex properties, flexing fatigue due to overload or under inflation of the tire, can contribute to groove cracking and cut growth. The groove cracking resistance of the tread is dependent on the polymer composition; The type of crosslinking agent and compounding ingredients employed (especially the Antidegradants). The classes of PARA-phenylene diamine Antidegradants have demonstrated good protection against groove cracking, especially the diaryl-PARA-phenylene types such as CAPOX DTPD.
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